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Foreword I
As we are walking into the 21st century, health for all " is still an
important task for the World Health organization (WHO) to accomplish in the new
century. The realization of "health for all " requires mutual
cooperation and concerted efforts of various medical sciences, including
traditional medicine. WHO has increasingly emphasized the development of
traditional medicine and has made fruitful efforts to promote its development.
Currently the spectrum of diseases is changing and an increasing number of
diseases are difficult to cure. The side effects of chemical drugs have become
more and more evident. Furthermore, both the governments and peoples in all
countries are faced with the problem of high cost of medical treatment.
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the most complete system of traditional
medicine in the world with unique theory and excellent clinical curative
effects, basically meets the need to solve such problems. Therefore, ringing TCM
into full play in medical treatment and h ealthcare will certainly become one of
the hot points in the world medical business in the 21st century.
Various aspects of work need to be done to promote he course of the
internationalization of TCM, especially the compilation of works and textbooks
suitable for international readers. The impending new century has witnessed the
compilation of such a series of books known as A Newly Complied Practical
English-Chinese Library of Traditional Chinese Medicine Published by the
Publishing House of Shanghai University of TCM, compiled by Nanjing University of
TCM and translated by Shanghai University of TCM. Professor Zuo Yanfu, the
general compiler-in-chief of this Library, is a person who sets his mind on the
international dissemination of TCM. He has compiled General Survey on TCM
Abroad, a monograph on the development and state of TCM abroad. This Library is
another important works written by the exerts organized by him with the support
of Nanjing University of TCM and shanghai University of TCM. The compilation of
this Library is done with consummate ingenuity and according to the development
of TCM abroad. The compilers, based on the remise of preserving the genuineness
and gist of TCM, have tried to make the contents concise, practical and easy to
understand, making great efforts to introduce the abstruse ideas of TCM in a
scientific and simple way as well as expounding the prevention and treatment of
diseases which are commonly encountered abroad and can be effectively treated by
TCM.
This Library encompasses a systematic summarization of the teaching
experience accumulated in Nanjing University of TCM and Shanghai University of
TCM that run the collaborating centers of traditional medicine and the
international training centers on acupuncture and moxibustion set by WHO. I am
sure that the publication of this Library will further promote the development
of traditional Chinese medicine abroad and enable the whole world to have a
better understanding of traditional Chinese medicine.
Professor Zhu Qingsheng
Vie-Minister of Health Ministry of the People's Republic of China
Director of the State Administrative Bureau of TCM
December 14 , 2000 Beijing
Foreword II
Before the existence of the modern medicine, human beings depended solely on
herbal medicines and other therapeutic methods to treat diseases and preserve
health. Such a practice gave rise to the establishment of various kinds of
traditional medicine with unique theory and practice, such as traditional
Chinese medicine, Indian medicine and Arabian medicine, etc. Among these
traditional systems of medicine, traditional Chinese medicine is a most
extraordinary one based on which traditional Korean medicine and Japanese
medicine have evolved.
Even in the 21st century, traditional medicine is still of great vitality. In
spite of the fast development of modern medicine, traditional medicine is still
disseminated far and wide. In many developing countries, most of the people in
the rural areas still depend on traditional medicine and traditional medical
practitioners to meet the need for primary healthcare. Even in the countries
with advanced modern medicine, more and more people have begun to accept
traditional medicine and other therapeutic methods, such as homeopath,
osteopathy and naturopathy, etc.
With the change of the economy, culture and living style in various
regions as well as the aging in the world population, the disease spectrum has
changed. And such a change has paved the way for the new application of
traditional medicine. Besides, the new requirements initiated by the new
diseases and the achievements and limitations of modern medicine have also
created challenges for traditional medicine.
WHO sensed the importance of traditional medicine to human health early in
the 1970s and have made great efforts to develop traditional medicine. At the
29th world health congress held in 1976, the item of traditional medicine was
adopted in the working plan of WHO. In the following world health congresses, a
series of resolutions were passed to demand the member countries to develop,
utilize and study traditional medicine according to their specific
conditions so as to reduce medical expenses for the realization of "health
for all ".
WHO has laid great stress on the scientific content, safe and effective
application of traditional medicine. It has published and distributed a series
of booklets on the scientific, safe and effective use of herbs and acupuncture
and moxibustion. It has also made great contributions to the international
standardization of traditional medical terms. The safe and effective application
of traditional medicine has much to do with the skills of traditional medical
practitioners. That is why WHO has made great efforts to train them. WHO has run
27 collaborating centers in the world which have made great contributions to the
training of acupuncturists and traditional medical practitioners. Nanjing
University of TCM and Shanghai University of TCM run the collaborating centers
with WHO. In recent years it has, with the cooperation of WHO and other
countries, trained about ten thousand international students from over 90
countries.
In order to further promote the dissemination of traditional Chinese medicine
in the world, A Newly Compiled Practical English-Chinese Library of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, compiled by Nanjing University of TCM with Professor Zuo Yanfu
as the general compiler-in-chief and published by the Publishing House of
Shanghai University of TCM, aims at systematic, accurate and concise expounding
of traditional Chinese medical theory and introducing clinical therapeutic
methods of traditional medicine according to modern medical nomenclature of
diseases. Undoubtedly, this series of books will be the practical textbooks for
the beginners with certain English level and the international enthusiasts with
certain level of Chinese to study traditional Chinese medicine. Besides, this
series of books can also serve as reference books for WHO to internationally
standardize the nomenclature of acupuncture and moxibustion.
The scientific, safe and effective use of traditional medicine will certainly
further promote the development of traditional medicine and traditional medicine
will undoubtedly make more and more contributions to human health in the 21st
century.
Zhang Xiaorui
WHO Coordination Officer
December 2000
Contents
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
1 Introduction
2 Etiology and Pathogenesis
2.1 Etiology and Pathogenesis of Trauma
2.2 Etiology and Pathogenesis of Osteopathy
3 Diagnosis
3.1 Inquiry
3.2 Examination
3.3 Methods of Syndrome Differentiation
4 Therapeutic Methods
4.1 Internal Therapy
4.2 External Therapy
4.3 Operative Therapy
4.4 Functional Exercise
SPECIFIC DISCUSSIONS
1 Fracture
1.1 Clavicular Fracture
1.2 Fracture of Humeral Shaft
1.3 Supracondylar Fracture of Humerus
1.4 Fracture of Shafts of Radius and Ulna
1.5 Fracture of Distal End of Radius
1.6 Fracture of Neck of Femur
1.7 Intertrochanteric Fracture
1.8 Fracture of Femoral Shaft
1.9 Fracture of Patella
1.10 Fracture of Shafts of Tibia and Fibula
1.11 Fracture of Malleolus
1.12 Fracture of Rib
1.13 compression Fracture of Thoracolumbar Vertebrae
Appendix 1: Clinical healing Standards and bony Union Standards for Fracture
Appendix 2: Time of Clinical Healing for Fracture commonly seen in Adults
2 Dislocation
2.1 Dislocation of Temporomandibular Joint
2.2 Dislocation of Shoulder Joint
2.3 Dislocation of Elbow Joint
2.4 Infantile Subluxation of head of Radius
2.5 dislocation of Metacarpophalangeal Joint
3 Injury of Muscles and Tendons
3.1 Scapulohumeral Periarthritis
3.2 Lateral Humeral Epicondylitis
3.3 Thecal Cyst
3.4 Tenosynovitis of Styloid process of Radius
3.5 Tenosynovitis of flexor digitorum
3.6 Injury of Collateral Ligament of Knee Joint
3.7 Meniscus Injury of Knee Joint
3.8 Strain of Patella
3.9 Calcaneodynia
3.10 neck Sprain and Contusion
3.11 Stiff Neck
3.12 Cervical spondylopathy
3.13 Lumbar Sprain and Contusion
3.14 Lumbar Strain
3.15 Prolapse of Lumbar Intervertebral Disc
3.16 spinal Canal Stenosis of Lumbar Vertebrae
3.17 Piriform Muscle syndrome
4 Internal Traumatic Syndrome
4.1 Traumatic Hemorrhage
4.2 Traumatic Pain
4.3 Traumatic Fever
4.4 Traumatic Abdominal Distension
5 Osteopathy
5.1 Traumatic Arthritis
5.2 Degenerative Arthritis
5.3 gouty Arthritis
5.4 Epiphysitis of Tibial Tuberosity
5.5 Osteoporosis
5.6 Ischemic Necrosis of Femoral head
5.7 bone Tumor
Postscript
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